Vitreoretinal surgery is the combination of several complex surgical procedures in the retina and vitreous humour. The purpose of these surgical interventions is to clear the vitreous humourand to prevent the visual acuity associated with the posterior segment disorders. Vitreoretinal surgery is one of the most advanced in the field of ophthalmology. Through it we can improve or fully restore sight even in cases that were previously considered incurable. Vitreoretinal surgery is followed by a continuous postoperative follow up process whose tracking helps reduce the risk of postoperative complications, reducing the time of rehabilitation for the patient to return to his normal life as soon as possible.

Vitreoretinal surgery is performed under the following conditions:

• Proliferative diabetic retinopathy
• Macular degeneration
• Glass fluctuation
• Hemophthalmia (intraocular hemorrhage)
• Post-thrombotic proliferative retinopathy
• Epimacular fibrosis
• Vitreous humour defects (blur, lens deployment)
• Macular holes
• Screw and hole in the retina
• Complications after cataract surgery

One of the most common procedures of vitreoretinal surgery is vitrectomy. Vitrectomy is the complete or partial elimination of turbid vitreous humour. Tissues are also cut and removed to facilitate retinal withdrawal. As a rule, the operation lasts 30 to 90 minutes due to the difficulty of the condition and the possible complications. Vitrectomy is performed under general anesthesia and without sewing. After the operation the patient is obliged to:

• Follow the eye specialist.
• Prohibit facial and physical exercise activities (do not raise weights above 5 kg)
• Avoid large temperature fluctuations (it is forbidden to make sauna and use very hot or very cold water)
• Stay in bed regime for 2-3 weeks after the intervention

Very often, vitreoretinal surgery is performed when there are changes in the vitreous humour, hemophthalmic patients, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, retinal detachment, vascular and peripheral retinal dystrophy. Based on experience, this type of operation achieves good results.